coix seed extract is extracted from the dried mature kernel of Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen (Roman.) Stapf, a plant of the Poaceae family. Job's tears is a common traditional medicinal and edible plant, widely grown in Asian countries such as China and India.
Ingredients of coix seed extract
Job's tears extract contains a variety of active ingredients. These mainly include coix ester, coix seed oil, coix seed polysaccharide, etc. Coix ester is one of its important active ingredients and has multiple physiological activities; coix seed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid and linoleic acid, which have many benefits for human health; coix seed polysaccharide plays a role in immune regulation and other aspects.
2. Efficacy of coix seed extract
Anti-tumor effect
Coixene ester in coix seed extract has been found to have an inhibitory effect on a variety of tumor cells. For example, in some in vitro experiments, it can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells such as gastric cancer and liver cancer. Its mechanism of action may be achieved through multiple pathways such as inducing tumor cell apoptosis and inhibiting tumor cell migration and invasion.
Studies have shown that coix seed extract can regulate intracellular signaling pathways, such as inhibiting the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, which plays a key role in the survival and proliferation of tumor cells, thereby preventing the growth of tumor cells.
Immunomodulatory effect
Coix seed polysaccharide can enhance the body's immune function. It can activate macrophages, which are important cells in the immune system that can engulf and eliminate pathogens. Activated macrophages can release a variety of cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), etc., which can further regulate the immune response.
In addition, coix seed extract can also regulate the activity of T lymphocytes, promote the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes, and thus enhance the body's cellular immune function.
Hypoglycemic effect
Coix seed extract can improve insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is one of the important factors in the onset of type 2 diabetes. Studies have found that the components in coix seed extract may increase insulin sensitivity, promote glucose uptake and utilization, and thus reduce blood sugar levels.
It may also affect the activity of enzymes related to sugar metabolism, for example, inhibiting the activity of α-glucosidase, which can break down carbohydrates and delay the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, thereby inhibiting the increase in postprandial blood sugar.
Anti-inflammatory effect
Coix seed extract has anti-inflammatory properties and can reduce inflammatory responses. During the inflammatory process, a variety of inflammatory mediators are produced, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO), etc. Coix seed extract can reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators in inflammatory cells, such as inhibiting the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), reducing the production of NO and PGE2.
This anti-inflammatory effect may have an auxiliary therapeutic effect on some inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis.
Beauty effect
Coix seed extract is also used in the field of beauty and skin care. It is rich in antioxidant ingredients such as vitamin E, which can remove free radicals in the body, reduce the damage of free radicals to skin cells, and delay skin aging.
Coix seed extract can also inhibit the activity of tyrosinase, which is a key enzyme in the synthesis of melanin. Inhibiting its activity can reduce the production of melanin, thereby having a whitening effect.
3. Application of coix seed extract
Medical field
In the treatment of tumors, coix seed extract is often used as an auxiliary chemotherapy to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy drugs and enhance the anti-tumor effect. For example, some Chinese herbal compound preparations contain coix seed extract, which is used as an adjuvant treatment for cancers such as gastric cancer and colon cancer.
In the treatment of immune-related diseases, such as repeated infections caused by low immunity, coix seed extract can be used as an immunomodulator to enhance the body's resistance. In the treatment of diabetes, it can also be used as an auxiliary drug to help control blood sugar.
Food industry
Coix seed extract can be used as a food additive in the development of health foods. For example, it can be added to functional beverages to exert its effects of lowering blood sugar and regulating immunity. It can also be added to cereal foods to increase the nutritional value of food.
Coix seed extract is widely used in cosmetics. In whitening and freckle removal products, it uses its characteristics of inhibiting tyrosinase activity to reduce the production of melanin and achieve the effect of whitening skin. In anti-aging skin care products, it exerts its antioxidant effect to protect skin cells and delay skin aging.
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