Chinese name: Danshen, second scientific name: Salvia miltiorrhiza extract or S. miltiorrhiza, alias: red ginseng, purple danshen, also ginseng, wood sheep milk, Zhu Ma, mountain ginseng, red root, purple codonopsis, blood root ginseng, mountain red radish, mountain perilla root, etc. It is extracted and processed from the dried roots and rhizomes of Salvia Miltiorrhizae, a plant of the Labiatae family.
[Plant morphology]
Perennial herb, 30-100cm high. The whole plant is densely covered with light yellow soft hairs and glandular hairs. The stem is quadrangular, grooved, and branched at the top. Leaves are opposite, with odd pinnate leaves; petiole is 1-7cm long; leaflets are usually 5, rarely 3 or 7, the top leaflet is the largest, and the lateral leaflets are smaller. The leaflets are ovate to broadly ovate, 2-7cm long, 0.8-5cm wide, with acute or acuminate tips, obliquely rounded or broadly cuneate bases, with rounded serrations on the edges, and densely covered with white soft hairs on both sides. The cymes are terminal or ventral racemes, with 3-10 flowers in each whorl, which are sparse in the lower part and dense in the upper part; the bracts are lanceolate, glabrous above and slightly hairy below; the calyx is nearly bell-shaped and purple; the corolla is two-lipped, blue-purple, 2-2.7cm long, the upper lip is upright, sickle-shaped, and slightly fissured at the tip, the lower lip is shorter than the upper lip, with 3 lobes at the tip, and the central lobe is longer and larger than the lobes on both sides; 2 developed stamens, born in the middle of the lower lip, extending out of the corolla, 2 degenerate stamens, linear, born on both sides of the throat of the upper lip, and the anthers are degenerated into petals; the front of the disk is slightly swollen; the ovary is superior, 4-lobed, the style is slender, the stigma is 2-lobed, and the lobes are unequal. The nutlets are oblong, brown or black when ripe, about 3.2cm long, 1.5mm in diameter, and wrapped in the persistent calyx. Flowering period is May-September, and the fruiting period is August-October.
Chemical composition
Tanshinone IIA, tanshinone B, cryptotanshinone: mainly fat-soluble non-quinone pigment compounds, such as tanshinone IIA, tanshinone IIB, cryptotanshinone and its isomers. Water-soluble phenolic acid components such as protocatechuic aldehyde and tanshinone. Among them, cryptotanshinone is an effective antibacterial ingredient.
Salvia miltiorrhiza extract has the effects of improving heart disease, inhibiting platelet aggregation, and reducing hyperlipidemia. It can repair myocardium, reduce blood lipids, and improve microcirculation.
1. Efficacy:
1. Improve heart disease: Salvia miltiorrhiza extract has a certain protective effect on heart and blood vessels, can resist arrhythmia, resist arteriosclerosis, improve microcirculation, and is conducive to the auxiliary treatment of heart disease;
2. Inhibit platelet aggregation: Salvia miltiorrhiza extract can inhibit the activity of coronary artery platelets, and then inhibit platelet aggregation activity;
3. Reduce hyperlipidemia: Salvia miltiorrhiza extract can inhibit the activity of the fibrinolytic system to a certain extent, and play a role in reducing hyperlipidemia and stabilizing atherosclerosis.
II. Effects:
1. Myocardial repair effect: Salvia miltiorrhiza extract can delay the time of arterial hypoxia, reduce the damage of hypoxia to the myocardium, improve myocardial contractility, promote the regeneration of myocardial cells, and have a certain myocardial repair effect;
2. Blood lipid reduction effect: Salvia miltiorrhiza extract can inhibit endogenous cholesterol synthesis, reduce the production of low-density lipoprotein, and help prevent hyperlipidemia;
3. Microcirculation improvement effect: Salvia miltiorrhiza extract can improve capillary blood flow, accelerate capillary dilation, increase the number of open capillaries, and help improve microcirculation.
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