Apple peel extract is naturally extracted from the peel of apples. Apple peel extract is rich in phenolic compounds, the most important of which are epicatechin, catechin and proanthocyanidin. These compounds are all flavonoids and have multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups, which give them strong antioxidant activity. For example, proanthocyanidin is a polymer composed of multiple catechin or epicatechin units. Its degree of polymerization is different, and its antioxidant capacity is also different. The higher the degree of polymerization, the stronger the antioxidant capacity.
Apple peel extract powder also contains triterpenoid components such as ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. These compounds have multiple physiological functions in plants and also show some potential health benefits in the human body, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor.
2. Efficacy of Apple Peel Extract
Antioxidant Effect
Phenolic compounds in apple peel extract are the main force of antioxidants. They can remove various free radicals in the body, including superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals and lipid peroxidation radicals. Free radicals are atoms or molecules with unpaired electrons that attack biomacromolecules in cells, such as lipids, proteins, and DNA, triggering oxidative stress reactions, leading to cell damage and aging. Apple peel extract neutralizes free radicals by providing hydrogen atoms, thereby preventing the oxidation chain reaction from proceeding. For example, in in vitro experiments, adding apple peel extract to a reaction system containing free radicals can significantly reduce the content of free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage.
Anti-inflammatory Effect
Its anti-inflammatory effect is mainly related to phenolic compounds and triterpenoid compounds. These ingredients can inhibit the activation of inflammatory cells (such as macrophages and neutrophils) and the release of inflammatory mediators (such as prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α). During the inflammatory response, inflammatory mediators can cause symptoms such as vasodilation, tissue edema, and pain. Apple peel extract reduces the degree of inflammatory response by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators. For example, in animal models, after administration of apple peel extract, inflammatory symptoms such as ear edema or plantar swelling caused by inflammatory inducers were significantly reduced.
Reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease
Regulate blood lipids:
Apple peel extract helps regulate blood lipids. It can reduce the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood, while increasing the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). LDL-C is called "bad cholesterol" and will deposit on the blood vessel wall, leading to atherosclerosis; while HDL-C is "good cholesterol" that can transport cholesterol from the blood vessel wall back to the liver for metabolism. The components in apple peel extract may regulate blood lipids by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol and promoting cholesterol metabolism.
Anti-platelet aggregation:
Apple peel extract also has an anti-platelet aggregation effect. Platelet aggregation is one of the key steps in thrombosis, which can block blood vessels and cause serious cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke. The phenolic compounds in apple peel extract can inhibit the activation and aggregation of platelets, thereby reducing the risk of thrombosis.
3. Application of Apple Peel Extract
Food industry
Food preservation:
Due to its antioxidant and antibacterial properties, apple peel extract can be used for food preservation. Adding apple peel extract to foods that are easily oxidized and deteriorated, such as meat and oil, can extend the shelf life of the food. For example, in the process of bacon processing, adding an appropriate amount of apple peel extract can inhibit the oxidation of fat and the growth of microorganisms, and maintain the color and flavor of the bacon.
As a functional food additive, apple peel extract powder can also be added to beverages, baked foods, etc. In beverages, it can increase the antioxidant properties of beverages and give beverages a special flavor. In baked foods, apple peel extract can improve the nutritional value of food and also has a certain effect on delaying the aging of food.
Medical Field
Auxiliary treatment of cardiovascular diseases:
Apple peel extract can be used as an auxiliary therapeutic drug for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In clinical practice, for patients with cardiovascular diseases such as dyslipidemia and hypertension, apple peel extract can be used together with conventional drugs to enhance the therapeutic effect and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Cosmetic Field
Anti-aging Products:
Apple peel extract powder is mainly used in anti-aging products in cosmetics. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects can protect the skin from free radicals and inflammation, reduce the formation of wrinkles, and delay skin aging. Adding apple peel extract to skin care products such as creams and essences can make the skin firmer and more radiant.
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