The extract of Piper longum L. is obtained from the dried, near mature or mature ear of Piper longum L., a plant in the Piperaceae family.
The main components of Piper longum extract include piperine, palmitic acid, tetrahydro piperic acid, undec-1-en-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene, piperidine, volatile oil, n-isobutyl undecene trans 2-trans 4-amide, sesamin, piperidine, etc.
Appearance: Usually in the form of a fine powder, with a brownish yellow color, 100% passing through an 80 mesh sieve.
The efficacy of Piper longum extract
Anti inflammatory effect: The ethanol extract of Piper longum can significantly reduce the total number of inflammatory cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocyte counts, as well as inflammatory factors such as IL-4 and IL-5, and increase the expression level of IFN - γ. Its chloroform extract can inhibit the adhesion of neutrophils to TNF - α - stimulated endothelial cells, as well as the expression of NF - κ B, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin. It can also interfere with early signals in response to stimuli and reduce oxygen free radicals.
Hypolipidemic effect: Piperine in Piper longum extract can reduce serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG), while Piper longum extract can enhance mRNA and protein expression of HMG CoA, CYP7A1, LCAT, and LDLR, regulate liver fat metabolism, reduce serum triglycerides in hyperlipidemic rats, and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Anti tumor effect: Piper longum L. extract and its monomer components significantly inhibit the growth of many tumor cells, such as HepG2, HeLa, SKOV-3, PC3, A549 and MCF7. Piperine can induce cancer cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, alter signal protein expression, and reduce transcription factors. Piperine can upregulate cellular ROS levels, inhibit STAT3 activation, and regulate related apoptotic pathways.
Antioxidant effect: The extract of Piper longum can inhibit oxidative stress caused by isoproterenol, and its antioxidant potential is related to phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Piper longum polysaccharides have shown good antioxidant activity through ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging experiments. Piper longum L. can increase the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, reduce MDA, and also has the scavenging effect of hydroxyl free radicals in atherosclerotic rabbits.
Protective effect on gastric mucosa: The extract of Piper longum root can increase serum GAS and mucosal PGE2 levels, while reducing mucosal TNF - α and IL-8 levels. Its root ethanol and dichloromethane extracts can increase serum GAS levels and P21 expression, while reducing serum TNF - α and gastric mucosal COX-2 mRNA levels. Piperine can increase the serum GAS content in rats with related gastritis models, protect and repair damaged gastric mucosa, and inhibit the aggravation of chronic inflammation of rat gastric mucosa.
Antibacterial and antiviral effects: The volatile oil of Piper longum has a good inhibitory effect on various Gram positive and negative bacteria, and the volatile oil contained in its leaves and roots has biological activities such as antibacterial and antiviral.
Application of Piper longum extract
Medical field
Traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations: It is used to make a variety of traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations, such as Piper longum Weitong Granules, to treat epigastric pain, warming and pressing, and other symptoms caused by cold coagulation and qi stagnation.
Compound preparation: a combination of other drugs to form a compound preparation for the treatment of various diseases. If combined with sorghum, fragrant herb, etc., it can be used to treat stomach cold pain; It can be used in combination with Xixin, Baizhi, etc. to treat toothache.
In the field of health food, due to its lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects, it can be used to develop health food products, such as some lipid-lowering health products for people with high blood lipids, as well as health products with antioxidant and anti-aging functions.
In the field of cosmetics, by utilizing its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and other properties, it can be added to cosmetics to improve skin inflammation, delay skin aging, etc. For example, some acne and wrinkle reducing skincare products may add extracts of Piper longum.
In the food industry, it is mainly used as a spice and seasoning in food, which can effectively remove the odor of animal raw materials, especially suitable for use in braised products, and can increase the flavor and taste of food.
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