The Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid

Introduction

Hyaluronic acid is an acidic mucopolysaccharide. In 1934, Meyer, a professor of ophthalmology at Columbia University, and others were the first to isolate this substance from the bovine vitreous body. Hyaluronic acid exhibits various important physiological functions in the body due to its unique molecular structure and physicochemical properties, such as lubricating joints, regulating vascular wall permeability, regulating protein, water electrolyte diffusion and operation, and promoting wound healing. Of particular importance, hyaluronic acid has a special water retention effect and is currently the most moisturizing substance found in nature, known as the ideal natural moisturizing factor (NMF). For example, 2% hyaluronic acid aqueous solution can firmly retain 98% moisture.

Hyaluronic acid is a multifunctional matrix, and hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely distributed in various parts of the human body. The skin also contains a large amount of hyaluronic acid. The maturation and aging process of human skin also changes with the content and metabolism of hyaluronic acid. It can improve skin nutrition metabolism, make the skin soft, smooth, wrinkle free, increase elasticity, prevent aging, and act as a good transdermal absorption promoter while moisturizing. When used in combination with other nutrients, it can achieve a more ideal effect of promoting nutrient absorption.

Hyaluronic acid itself carries a negative charge and is present in most soft connective tissues in animals. Its aqueous solution is a viscoelastic fluid that fills the space between cells and collagen fibers and covers certain epidermal tissues. In animals, its main function is to protect and lubricate cells, regulate cell movement on this viscoelastic matrix, stabilize collagen network structure, and protect it from mechanical damage. Because hyaluronic acid is a natural lubricant and shock-absorbing polymer, it acts as a lubricant on the surface of tendons, tendon sheaths, and mucous membranes.

Hyaluronic acid is widely distributed in the connective tissue of the human body and almost exists in pure form in the vitreous body and joint cavity. The good hyaluronic acid present in the skin plays an important role in the metabolism of the human epidermis. The destruction or imbalance of hyaluronic acid in the human body can cause diseases. The decrease and destruction of hyaluronic acid in the skin can cause wrinkles and loss of elasticity in dehydration, leading to skin aging. Therefore, hyaluronic acid skin care is also known as an anti-aging factor.

Hyaluronic acid is one of the main matrix components of human skin epidermis and dermis. Its physiological function is to enable water to enter the cell gap and combine with protein to form a protein gel, which can stick cells together, play a normal role in cell metabolism, maintain cell water, protect cells from pathogens, accelerate the recovery of skin tissue, improve wound healing and regeneration ability, and reduce scars, Enhance immunity and other functions. In the field of medicine, hyaluronic acid is used as an auxiliary drug for non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, arthritis treatment, ophthalmology, and cardiac surgery. It has unique effects in the treatment of burns, frostbite, artificial skin, etc.

When the content of hyaluronic acid in the skin is below a certain level, the water content on the surface of the skin will gradually decrease, causing the stratum corneum to age, resulting in rough skin, wrinkles, loss of elasticity, and aging. This phenomenon generally occurs after the age of 25. This is also one of the main reasons for the skin gap between middle-aged and elderly people and children. At the same time, the damage of hyaluronic acid in the human skin is related to ultraviolet radiation, so people who engage in outdoor work, high-altitude living, and outdoor work for a long time have rougher skin compared to indoor workers.

Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid
Numerous studies have shown that the moisture content of the surface layer (stratum corneum) of the human skin accounts for about 15-30%. Values below or above this level can cause discomfort, dryness or greasiness. Prolonged exposure to this can lead to dry, cracked or swollen skin, resulting in loss of elasticity and rough aging. After acting on the internal conditioning of the skin, hyaluronic acid for face can automatically regulate in different environments, maintaining skin moisture at 25-30%, keeping the skin moist and fresh, making the skin more elastic, playing a role in anti wrinkle and anti wrinkle, delaying overall skin aging, and beauty and beauty.

Hyaluronic acid is one of the components of the human dermis, which has the ability to maintain moisture, with a weight of up to 100 times its own. Using maintenance products containing hyaluronic acid for wrinkles can improve dry and wrinkled skin, restoring its original smoothness and elasticity. Therefore, good hyaluronic acid is the most ideal product for improving dry and aging skin.

Research has shown that no matter how excellent the ingredients are, cosmetics usually cannot reach the dermis, especially due to the high molecular weight of hyaluronic acid, which cannot be absorbed by the dermis when applied only to the epidermis. Hyaluronic acid cosmetics only act on the surface of the skin at the application site, increasing the content of hyaluronic acid on the skin surface, playing a moisturizing and moisturizing role, which is local and exogenous.

And hyaluronic acid can significantly increase the precursor of hyaluronic acid synthesis in the body through oral digestion and absorption, leading to an increase in the synthesis of hyaluronic acid in the skin and other tissues, thereby increasing the skin's water retention performance, elasticity, and reducing wrinkles.

The beauty and health benefits of hyaluronic acid are systemic, increasing the content of endogenous hyaluronic acid from the dermis to the epidermis, increasing blood microcirculation, activating cells, and exerting systemic effects. It is endogenous and differs significantly from local use of cosmetics. Therefore, to maintain the function of collagen, it is necessary to supplement endogenous hyaluronic acid.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) can also improve skin growth conditions, provide a superior external environment for the synthesis of collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis, strengthen the supply of nutrients, and have a skincare and beauty effect.

Research has shown that best rated hyaluronic acid can prevent the production of some enzymes in cells, reduce the formation of free radicals, and play an important role in preventing free radicals from damaging cell structure, producing lipid peroxidation, and causing body aging. Low molecular weight hyaluronic acid has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and skin smoothness effects; Provide a suitable venue for cell proliferation and differentiation, directly promoting cell growth, differentiation, reconstruction, and repair.

Hyaluronic acid is a high molecular weight polysaccharide composed of D-N-acetylglucosamine and D-glucuronic acid as structural units. Commercial hyaluronic acid is generally its sodium salt, also known as Sodium Hyaluronate, abbreviated as HA. Traditionally, it is still called hyaluronic acid.

Due to the hydrogen bonding between monosaccharides on the linear axis of hyaluronic acid, hyaluronic acid molecules exhibit a rigid helical columnar structure in space. The inner side of the column exhibits strong hydrophilicity due to the presence of a large number of hydroxyl groups, and hyaluronic acid molecules lock their bound water molecules in their double helical columnar structure, making it less prone to water loss. Therefore, they have a special water retention effect, with a theoretical water retention capacity of up to 500ml/g, It is hailed as an ideal natural moisturizing factor.

As age increases, the amount of HA in the body decreases. Oral health products containing hyaluronic acid can supplement HA in the body, which has the effects of delaying aging and moisturizing the skin. They have been widely used in countries such as Japan and the United States. Hyaluronic acid has been applied in eye drops, surgical materials, and injections in medicine.

Hyaluronic acid types
1. Cosmetic grade hyaluronic acid
Hyaluronic acid is a natural biomolecule widely present in the skin and other tissues, with excellent moisturizing effects, and is internationally known as the ideal natural moisturizing factor (NMF). It is currently the most moisturizing substance found in nature for cosmetics.

Hyaluronic acid acts on the surface of the skin, and macromolecular hyaluronic acid can form a breathable film on the surface of the skin, making it smooth and moist. It can also block the invasion of foreign bacteria, dust, and ultraviolet rays, protecting the skin from damage.

Small molecule hyaluronic acid can penetrate into the dermis, slightly dilate capillaries, increase blood circulation, improve intermediate metabolism, and promote skin nutrient absorption. It has strong wrinkle reducing function, can increase skin elasticity, and delay skin aging. Hyaluronic acid can also promote the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells, eliminate oxygen free radicals, and prevent and repair skin damage. The aqueous solution of hyaluronic acid has a high viscosity, which can thicken the aqueous phase; The cream after emulsification with oil is uniform and delicate, with a stable emulsification effect.

Hyaluronic acid is the best natural moisturizing ingredient in high-end cosmetics. It has good compatibility and can be added to almost any cosmetics. It is widely used in creams, lotion, cosmetics, essence, facial cleansers, baths, hair conditioners, mousses, lipstick and other cosmetics, with a general addition amount of 0.05-0.5%.

2. Pharmaceutical grade hyaluronic acid
Hyaluronic acid is the main component of connective tissue in the human body, including the intercellular matrix, vitreous body, and synovial fluid. It plays an important physiological role in water retention, maintaining extracellular space, regulating osmotic pressure, lubrication, and promoting cell repair. Hyaluronic acid molecules contain a large number of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, which form intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds in aqueous solutions, giving it a strong water retention effect that can bind to water more than 400 times its own capacity; At higher concentrations, due to the complex tertiary network structure formed by intermolecular interactions, its aqueous solution exhibits significant viscoelasticity.

Hyaluronic acid, as the main component of the intercellular matrix, directly participates in the regulation of electrolyte exchange inside and outside the cell, playing a filtering role in physical and molecular information. Large molecule hyaluronic acid has inhibitory effects on cell movement, proliferation, differentiation, and phagocytic function, while small molecule hyaluronic acid has a promoting effect.

Hyaluronic acid has unique physicochemical properties and physiological functions, and has been widely used in medicine.

Hyaluronic acid can be used as a viscoelastic agent for ophthalmic intraocular lens implantation surgery, as well as a filler for joint surgery such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is widely used as a medium in eye drops and is also used to prevent postoperative adhesion and promote skin wound healing. The compound formed by the reaction of 100% pure hyaluronic acid with other drugs exerts a sustained release effect on the drug, achieving the goal of targeted and timed release. With the development of medical technology, the application of good hyaluronic acid in medicine will become increasingly widespread

3. Food grade hyaluronic acid
The content of hyaluronic acid in the human body is about 15g, which plays an important role in physiological activities. The decrease in hyaluronic acid content in the skin weakens its water retention function, making it appear rough and wrinkled; The decrease in natural hyaluronic acid in other tissues and organs can lead to arthritis, arteriosclerosis, pulse disorders, and brain atrophy. The reduction of hyaluronic acid in the human body can lead to premature aging.

Oral administration of best hyaluronic acid can increase the body's content and supplement the deficiency of hyaluronic acid in the human body. Hyaluronic acid can make the skin moist, smooth, soft, and elastic through digestion and absorption; It can delay aging, prevent the occurrence of diseases such as arthritis, arteriosclerosis, pulse disorders, and brain atrophy. Oral administration of hyaluronic acid can provide a person with sufficient energy and youthful vitality.